Contoh Explanation Text beserta Soal dan Jawaban: Digestion
Sumber: Soal Ujian Nasional SMA/MA 2015.
The following text is for questions 37 to 40.
Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.
From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the food onwards.
In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.
37. What is the text about?
A. The digestive system
B. The digestive juice
C. The method of the digestive system
D. The process of intestine work
E. The food substances
Kunci Jawaban ialah A, The digestive system.
Dilihat dari kalimat, "This process is called digestion".
38. How can we swallow the food easily?
A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.
B. The food must be digested first through the process.
C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.
D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.
E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood to the places.
Kunci Jawaban ialah B, B. The food must be digested first through the process..
Dilihat dari kalimat, "The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily".
39. From the text above, we imply that ….
A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.
B. no one concerned with the process of digestive system for their health.
C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.
D. every body must conduct the processes of digestive system well.
E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.
Kunci jawaban ialah A, a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.
40. “Human body is made up of countless millions of cells.” (Paragraph 1)
The underlined phrase means ….
A. produced
B. managed
C. arranged
D. completed
E. constructed
Kemungkinan besar kunci jawaban ialah D, completed (dg kamus). Namun, secara konteks, kunci jawaban E, constructed (dibangun), nampak lebih tepat pemaknaannya.
Daftar arti beberapa kosakata (Vocabulary):
- Worn out: rusak
- Digestion: pencernaan
- Digestive process: proses pencernaan
- Saliva: air liur
- Glands: kelenjar
- esophagus (UK oesophagus): (lihat gambar di atas)
- juice: cairan
- secreted: diproduksi / dikeluarkan dari
- intestine: usus
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